Syme prosthesis, also known as ankle prosthesis, is mainly used after Syme amputation, and in individual cases, it can also be used after trans-foot and ankle amputations such as Pirogov’s amputation. The Syme prosthesis can be regarded as a special calf prosthesis suitable for ankle amputations.
Syme amputation is now commonly used for foot and ankle amputations. Because the tip of the tibia and fibula are left behind after the ankle joint is severed, the ends cannot bear weight, so there is almost no ankle amputation for the amputation of the ankle. In the past, it was said that this kind of prosthesis was called “ankle severed prosthesis”, which is obviously unreasonable.
In addition, the commonly used Pirogov amputation, Boyd amputation and Choppart joint amputation are rarely used because of frequent foot deformation, skin scarring, poor end bearing and other factors. .
The Syme prosthesis can bear the weight of the end of the residual limb and has a good compensatory function. Earlier, the traditional method of making Sym prostheses was to use leather to make a slotted socket, and to add metal struts for certain reinforcement.
Now, Sym’s prosthesis uses resin composite material vacuum forming to make full contact socket, which greatly improves the appearance and function of the prosthesis.
Syme amputation is a supracondylar amputation of the distal end of the tibia and fibula. Features of the Syme prosthesis include:
1. Because the residual limb is too long, there is no position to install the ankle joint, and the static ankle (SACH) foot is generally used;
2. Because the end of the residual limb is often bulbous, which is larger than the group, special treatment (such as opening a window) is required when making a full-contact receiving cavity, and the appearance is not very good;
3. The residual limb is long, the calf muscles are relatively complete, and there is a long lever arm, and the residual limb has a good effect on the prosthesis;
4. The end of the residual limb bears weight. Compared with the calf prosthesis, the end of the residual limb bears more weight than the patellar ligament, which is more in line with the physiological characteristics of the human body;
In order to achieve the purpose of convenient wearing and taking off, effective suspension, and improvement of appearance, the type of receiving cavity of Syme prosthesis is also constantly evolving, and now the following types are mainly formed.
(1) Sym prosthesis with inner opening: the receiving cavity is made of resin material, and the SACH prosthesis is selected, and the window is opened on the inner side.
(2) Syme prosthesis with rear side opening: the same material as above, but with a window at the back.
(3) Double-layer receiving cavity Syme prosthesis: The inner receiving cavity is a residual limb cover made of soft materials. After vacuum forming, the outer recesses need to be filled and leveled, and then vacuum lamination and outer receiving cavity are made. The prosthesis is strong, but the shape is too sturdy.
⑷ Partial soft-wall Syme prosthesis: The receptacle wall on the upper and rear of the ankle is formed with soft resin, which is elastic and does not need to open a window, which improves the appearance of the prosthesis.
Post time: Aug-25-2022