How to Understand the Basic Composition of Modern Prosthetics — (Selected from [Prosthetics])
1. Basic composition of modern skeletal thigh prosthesis
The composition of the skeletal thigh prosthesis can be divided into three parts. They are receiving cavities, bone supports, and ornaments.
Receptacle is an important part to connect the human stump and prosthesis. According to the way of containing the residual limb and the way of bearing weight, the socket can be divided into two categories
A. Sciatic supporting receiving chamber: divided into 1, suction receiving chamber 2, full contact receiving chamber
Due to the adverse effects of the suction type thigh prosthesis on the residual limbs of patients, it is gradually replaced by the full contact type thigh prosthesis.
B. Sciatic inclusive receiving cavity.
The ischial containment receiving cavity is developed on the basis of the ischial support receiving cavity. It is more in line with the human anatomical structure and biomechanics, and is the most advanced receiving cavity manufacturing technology in the world at present.
The material of the receiving chamber is also changing constantly. The flexible receiving chamber made of flexible materials is more comfortable to wear than the rigid receiving chamber made of PP or resin materials. The application of carbon fiber materials in artificial limbs improves the strength and service life of the receiving cavity, and reduces the weight of the receiving cavity.
The artificial joints and bone supports of the prosthesis replace the bones of the lower limbs to bear the gravity and compensate for the missing joints. It includes knee joint, connecting disc, connecting tube, ankle, artificial foot and other parts.
The knee joint is an important component of the thigh prosthesis.
According to the number of rotation axes of the knee joint, the knee joint can be divided into single axis knee joint and multi axis knee joint.
From the control principle, it can be divided into mechanical control joint, pneumatic control joint, hydraulic control joint and electronic control intelligent joint. The intelligent joint can adjust the walking speed to meet the needs of patients with different walking speeds.
According to different materials, the knee joint is divided into ordinary joint (alloy steel), aluminum alloy joint, titanium alloy joint, magnesium alloy joint and carbon fiber joint. Common joints are heavy. Aluminum alloy joints are light in weight, but their strength and service life are limited. Titanium alloy joints and carbon fiber joints are light in weight, good in strength, but expensive. Magnesium alloy joints are light in weight and good in strength, but relatively cheap.
Like the knee joint, ankle and artificial foot are also important functional parts of artificial limb. They are connected together to compensate for the missing leg and foot functions. There are also many types of feet.
Each series of joints and components have many different specifications and models, so they have different performance.
In the thigh prosthesis, there are other special functional parts designed to meet different functional needs. Such as the energy storage device (elastic torque converter) that can absorb the pressure and torque generated from the outside.
The plastic decorative parts covering the artificial limb meet the appearance requirements of the artificial limb. Realistic appearance and soft hand feel are the requirements for patients to wear artificial limbs. Good appearance of artificial limbs is conducive to the amputee’s return to society.
Artificial skin is a new decorative material. The shape and color of the artificial limb treated with this material are similar to that of human body, and it also has good tear resistance, which overcomes the shortcoming of common foam materials that are easily damaged.
Knowing the components of the whole artificial limb, we can know that the quality of the artificial limb is formed by the combination of receiving cavity, knee joint, connecting tube, ankle and artificial foot, decorative accessories and other parts. The selection of the artificial limb should be the assessment of each component, so as to help you not blindly select the artificial limb
Post time: Nov-06-2022