Classification and use of orthotics
1. Upper extremity orthoses are divided into two categories: fixed (static) and functional (movable) according to their functions. The former has no movement device and is used for fixation, support, and braking. The latter have locomotion devices that allow movement of the body or control and assist movement of the body.
2. Lower extremity orthoses are mainly used to support body weight, assist or replace limb function, limit unnecessary movement of lower extremity joints, maintain lower extremity stability, improve posture when standing and walking, and prevent and correct deformities. When choosing a lower extremity orthosis, it must be noted that there is no obvious compression on the limb after wearing. For example, the popliteal fossa cannot be compressed when the knee is flexed to 90° with KAFO, and there is no compression on the medial perineum; the orthosis should not be close to the skin in patients with lower extremity edema.
3. Spinal orthoses are mainly used to fix and protect the spine, correct the abnormal mechanical relationship of the spine, relieve local pain in the trunk, protect the diseased part from further damage, support the paralyzed muscles, prevent and correct deformities, and support the trunk. , movement restriction and readjustment of spinal alignment to achieve the purpose of correcting spinal disorders.
use the program
1. Inspection and diagnosis Including the patient’s general condition, medical history, physical examination, joint range of motion and muscle strength at the site where orthoses are to be made or worn, whether or not orthoses have been used and how they are used.
2. Orthotics prescription Indicate the purpose, requirements, varieties, materials, fixed range, body position, distribution of force, time of use, etc.
3. Treatment before assembly is mainly to enhance muscle strength, improve the range of motion of joints, improve coordination, and create conditions for the use of orthoses.
4. Orthotics manufacturing Including design, measurement, drawing, impression taking, manufacturing, and assembly procedures.
5. Training and use Before the orthosis is officially used, it is necessary to try it on (preliminary inspection) to know whether the orthosis meets the prescription requirements, whether the comfort and alignment are correct, whether the power device is reliable, and adjust accordingly. Then, teach the patient how to put on and take off the orthosis, and how to put on the orthosis to perform some functional activities. After training, check whether the assembly of the orthosis conforms to the biomechanical principle, whether it achieves the expected purpose and effect, and understands the patient’s feeling and reaction after using the orthosis. This process is called final inspection. After passing the final inspection, it can be delivered to the patient for official use. For patients who need to use orthoses for a long time, they should be followed up every 3 months or half a year to understand the effect of orthoses and changes in their condition, and make revisions and adjustments if necessary.
Post time: Aug-15-2022